The History of Military Miniatures: 1600 to the Present, By Les Keffel

Part 2: Competition From Inside and Out

While an aging Hilpert was busy producing his flats and counting his money, a young Napoleon was busy quelling riots with his cannon and becoming the stuff legends are made of. There was also a young Frenchman named Lucotte who began producing his own line of metal figures.

A metal worker by trade, and apparently not satisfied, or, more than likely, perhaps not wanting to copy the German flats, Lucotte produced fully-rounded figures which became known as Lucotte's Petit Hommes, his "Little Men." As his output and business increased, the "Little Men" name would be replaced by the trade mark "C.B.G.," which stood for the craftsmen Cuberly, Blondel, and Gerbeau. Under their mark, some very high quality fully-rounded figures were sold by the box. Eventually C.B.G. would be acquired by a Monsieur Henri Mignot, one of the few Frenchmen who also produced flats. This line can still be found today under the name of C.B.G. Mignot.

An entire cottage industry had been created due mainly to the personalities and exploits of Frederick and Napoleon. Not only were miniature soldiers popular as toys for aspiring young generals, they were also being used - especially by Napoleon - to instruct real generals in the art of war, a practice which has continued into our current computer age.

By the 1820s, things had quieted down on the continent, at least for the time being. The Seven Years War was long over, Frederick the Great was gone, Napoleon had died in exile, and Count Wenzel Lothar von Metternich held a firm grip on his Deutscher Bund, his German Confederation. And the tin soldier business was booming. Hilpert was still around, but he had his first serious competitor. Not only was there a competitor, but worse yet, he was a Landsman, a fellow German!

Herr Ernst Heinrichsen had also established his own family Zinnsoldaten business in Nuremberg. And it was through Heinrichsen's efforts as the organizer of the now famous "Nuremberg Flats" that the metal figure industry would become standardized. His products would dominate the market for most of the 19th century. His soldiers were made in consistently regular sizes of 30 or 40 millimeters and sold in boxes by weight. A one kilogram (2.2 pounds) box represented about 330 troops. Obviously learning the art of marketing well from Hilpert, Heinrichsen's figure boxes were very colorful with the troops carefully packed, fixed to their bases and ready for action. Also rounding out his line were accessories such as trees and cannon.

As the second half of the 1800s rolled on, figures known as "semi-solids" came into being. These had nearly as much detail as fully-rounded figures. And as their name suggests, they were thicker than the flats and could obviously have more detail worked into them. They represent a sort of half-way evolutionary step between flats and fully-rounded figures.

 

Part 3: Something Not Right

 

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